一、形容词修饰名词,位于名词之前。
an interesting story-book
两个或两个以上形容词修饰名词时,根据意义远近安排先后。
修饰something/anything/everything等不定代词时,形容词后置。It was nothing difficult to him.
二、副词修饰动词,形容词,副词等
He speaks English well.
Mother is quite ill.
副词的构成
1、形容词+ly
quick→quickly
slow→slowly
2、辅音+y i+ly (y变i)
angry→angrily
happy→happily
注意:dry→dryly,不需要把y改成i再加ly,而是直接加ly。
3、形容词以e结尾
a.去e+ly
true→truly
b.直接+ly
polite→politely
4、以le结尾的形容词,去e+y
terrible→terribly
simple→simply
三、形容词副词比较等级的构成
1、一般加-er/-est;
2、以e结尾的加-r/-st
free→freer→freest
3、重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写再加-er/-est
big→bigger→biggest
4、以辅音字母加y结尾的,y变i+er/est
angry→angrier→angriest
5、部分双音节和多音节前加more/most
slowly, angrily
6、少数单音节也可以加more/most
pleased, tired, fond
7、不规则变化
bad/badly/ill→worse→worst
old→older→oldest年老的
old→elder→eldest相比年龄较大的,一般有亲戚关系如elder brother哥哥
far→farther→farthest距离较远的
far→further→furthest进一步,further还可作动词,表示增进、促进。
四、比较等级的用法
1、比较级
两者之间,通常有“than”
This pen is more expensive thant other two.
Which one is more beautiful?
比较级前可有much/still/even/a little修饰。
He is still taller than I.
2、最高级
三者之间,副词最高级前可省略the,但形容词不可以省略,通常有介词短语in, of等。
3、程度相同as……as
Tom is just as tall as Jack.
程度不同not so/as……as
改错句
❌1. He works very harder than I.
very只修饰原级,这里应该用much。
❌2. Tom is the tallest of his class.
of+同一类人或物,in+地点名词。这里应该将of改为in。如:
That was one of the most exciting moments of that year.
❌3. It’s getting cold and cold.
要表示“越来越……”都要用比较级,用and连接。所以这里cold and cold应该为colder and colder。
❌4. Mary sings better than any student in her class.
因为Mary也在班里,any表示任何一个学生包括Mary。所以这里any后面应该加other。
❌5. She is elder than her husband.
elder不能和than连用,应改为older。
❌6. The Yellow River is the second longer river in China.
虽然这里黄河是第二长河,但也要用最高级,longer应改为longest。third, fourth等也要用最高级。
❌7. His English is more excellent now.
这里的excellent本身就表示“极”,而不再用more/most等修饰,应该把more去掉。