汉译英错误举例 – 学习笔记

汉译英错误举例

发布于 2025年01月21日

01. 他看上去比她聪明多了。

❌He seems to be quite cleverer than she/her.

参考答案：He seems to be rather cleverer than she/her.

fairly, quite, too都不能用来修饰形容词及副词的比较级，而用a great deal, rather, a lot, even等。

02. 他们当中没有人将乘车去。

❌Nobody of them would go by bus.

参考答案：None of them would go by bus.

everyone, someone, nobody, no one, every等一般不与of连用，every one, each, none等可以。

03. 你为什么想我们不能兑换你的钞票？

❌Why don’t you think we can change your note?

参考答案：Why do you think we can’t change your note?

更多说明参考这里。

04. 到上课时间了。

❌It’s time for the class.

参考答案：It’s time for class.

在It’s time for sth.句式中，sth.不能被冠词修饰，又如It’s time for sports. 到（体育）运动时间了。

05. 第一次世界大战爆发时我在美国。

❌When WWI began to break out, I was in America.

参考答案：When WWI broke out, I was in America.

break out=begin suddenly

06. 他每天早上六点半起床。

❌He gets up at half past six o’clock every morning.

参考答案：He gets up at half past six every morning.

o’clock只能用于整点。若表示几点几分，则要省去o’clock。

例句07-12为定语从句相关

07. 我永远也不会忘记在南京度过的日子。

❌I'll never forget the days when I spent in Nanjing.

参考答案：I'll never forget the days which/that I spent in Nanjing.

定语从句中的spend是及物动词，days是该定语从句的先行词，在逻辑上是spend的宾语，因此不能用关系副词when。

08. 她就是这样照顾我们的。

❌This is the way how she looked after us.

参考答案：This is the way she looked after us.

若先行词是way（方法，方式），其后的定语从句，一般不需关系词引导，若用关系词引导，也只能是that或in which，而不能是how。

09. 青年人应到边远地区工作，那里最需要他们。

❌Young people should go to work in the remote areas where need them most.

参考答案：Young people should go to work in the remote areas which need them most.

where是关系副词，不能在定语从句中作主语，只能作状语，因此要用关系代词which作定语从句的主语，若用where引导，从句应用被动语态：Young people should go to work in the remote areas where they are most needed.

10. 这是我上星期参观的钢铁厂。

❌This is the steel plant where I visited last week.

参考答案：This is the steel plant that/which I visited last week.

定语从句中的谓语动词visit是及物动词，因此需用关系代词which或that（也可省略）引导定语从句。此处which或that作visit的宾语。

11. 桌子上有本我昨天买来的书。

❌There is a book on the desk which I bought yesterday.

参考答案：On the desk there is a book which I bought yesterday.

引导定语从句的关系代词一般靠近先行词，否则容易引起误解。误句中的which容易使人认为desk是先行词，这样误句就变为“在我昨天买来的桌子上有一本书”了。

12. 这就是我们校长在会上的全部讲话。

❌This is all what our school master said at the meeting.

参考答案：This is all (that) our school master said at the meeting.

what意为the thing(s) that引导名词性从句，不能引导定语从句。误句中若去掉what就成了省略关系代词that的定语从句，若去掉all就变成了what引导的表语从句。

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