元音字母o的读音
开、闭音节的读音
开音节

[əu]: go, no, whole, lone
[uː]: move, prove, improve, who (注意whom), whose, lose, do

闭音节

[ɔ]: lost, cost, long, song, boss, hospital, office, college, cottage
[ʌ]: son, ton, tongue, won, monk, monkey, month, brother, mother, nothing

不按开闭规律读音的词

[ɔ]:gone, shone
[ʌ]: come, become, some, love, above, govern, done, none, honey, money (比较home, move, welcome)

闭音节形式念开音

[uː]: tomb
[əu]: only, both, clothes, clothing (比较cloth), comb, noble, bolt, cold, old, sold, told, gold, bold, soldier, scold, folk (其中的l不发音), don’t, won’t, post, most, host, ghost (比较cost)

轻音节

清晰轻音
[əu]: ‘almost, ‘photo, ‘negro, No’vember, ‘telephone
[ɔ]: Oc’tober
[ʌ]: ‘income

模糊轻音
[ə]: po’lice, po’litical, of’ficial (比较’politics, ‘officer)

特殊发音

[u]: woman
[i]: women
[wʌ]: one, once

组合读音
oo

[uː]: too, zoo, bamboo, coo, pool, fool, foolish, cool, tool, stool, noon, afternoon, soon, cocoon, moon, spoon, loom, bloom, room, tooth, smooth, booth, shoot, boot, root, food, noodle, roof, proof, droop, goose
[u]: (oo在[k]前读短音) book, brook, hook, shook, cook, took, look, wood, foot
[ʌ]: blood, flood

ou

[au]: south, trousers
[ʌ]: southern (比较south), country (比较count), double (比较doubt), trouble (比较trousers)
[uː]: wound(n.伤口,[waund]wind的过去分词), group, soup, you
模糊轻音[ə]: mous’tache, ‘famous, con’tinuous, ‘nervous

ould (l不发音)

[ud]弱读[əd]: could

ough (gh不发音)

[ɔː]: ought, thought, fought, bought, brought
[au]: plough
[əu]: though, although
[uː]: through, throughout (第二个ou读[au])

ough

[ʌf]: enough, tough
[ɔf]: cough

ow

[əu]: crow, know (比较knowledge [ɔ]), window
[au]: cow, how, now, crowd, brown, power, powder, flower (比较flow), shower (比较show), towel, town, down (比较own, owner), owl, allow

oa

[əu]: broad, abroad, coat

oi,oy

[ɔi]: boy, boil (比较’tortoise [ə])

oe

[əu]: toe
[uː]: shoe

or

[ɔː]: sword (w不发音), story (比较moral [‘mɔrəl]),
[əː]([w]后): worse, word, work (比较worn [wɔːn])
[ə]: in’ventor, ‘visitor, for’get

ore, oor, oar

[ɔː]: store, board, door

our

[ɔː]: course (courage [‘kʌridʒ],ou不与r组合)
[au]: our, hour
[uə]: tour, tourist
[əː]: journey

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