1. g在e,i,y之前读[dʒ]: apology (garage [‘gærɑːʒ], singer中g不发音)
2. c在e,i,y之前读[s]，在a,o,u之前读[k]，在ia之前读[ʃ]如official
3. ch
[k]: school, stomach, Christ, chemistry, technical, character, ache
[tʃ]: choose, choice, cheat, cheer
[ʃ]: machine, moustache
4. n受[k,g]影响发[ŋ]如ink,franc；但若是作为词头，则不受影响如income。n与g在一起常读作[ŋ]如stronger，但n与g不属于同一个音节时例外，如congratulate
5. s
[z]: as
[s]: case, base, geese, sense, purpose, house, mouse, horse, course, loose, goose
6. ss
[s]: mass, oppress
[z]: possess, possession
7. s在u之前
[s]: suffer, successful, suit
[ʃ]: sugar, sure
[ʒ]: usual
8. s与ure组合
如果前面是元音字母读[ʒə]: pleasure, measure, closure
如果前面是辅音字母读[ʃə]: pressure
9. s在ia前读[ʃ]: Russian, Asia
10. x
后面跟辅音字母读[ks]: exhibition, excercise
后面跟元音字母读[gz]: exact, exam, exaggerate, exist (exit [‘eksit])
