不同形式过去分词的用法

英语中少数动词的过去式和过去分词有两种形式/写法。有的用法上没有区别,有的意义上和用法上都有所不同。

burnt和burned(原形burn)

1. A desire of revenge ____ within me.

2. The woman has ____ her fingers.

句1用burned。常用作比喻,也作不及物动词的过去式和过去分词。

句2用burnt。用作形容词,也作及物动词的过去式和过去分词。

burn one’s fingers是个习语,表示“因不谨慎或管闲事而吃亏”。

drunk和drunken(原形drink)

1. I saw a ____ man lying on the ground.

2. John was dead ____ yesterday.

句1用drunken。常作形容词,充当定语。

句2用drunk。也可作形容词,但只能作表语。

hanged和hung(原形hang)

1. The man was ____ for a crime.

2. His pictures were ____ in the gallery.

句1用hanged。它是“吊死”“绞死”的过去式和过去分词。

句2用hung。它是“挂”“垂下”“徘徊”等的过去式和过去分词。

learnt和learned(原形learn)

1. The old fellow looks like a ____ man, yet he is illiterate.

2. He ____ the news from the newspaper.

句1用learned。这里用作形容词,意为“有学问的”,读作/ˈlə:nid/。

句2用learnt或learned。均可作谓语,意为“学会”“了解”。

lit和lighted(原形light)

1. He held a ____ lamp and entered his study.

2. Suddenly a smile ____ up her face.

句1用lighted。常作形容词,修饰名词。

句2用lit。常作谓语动词。

proved和proven(原形prove)

1. As it happened my advice ____ to be wrong.

2. He is a man of ____ ability.

句1用proved。多作谓语。

句2用proven。常作形容词,修饰名词。

struck和stricken(原形strike)

1. The visitors were ____ by the beautiful scenery there.

2. She was ____ to the heart by her son’s death.

句1用struck。它表示“打动”“迷住”等意思。

句2用stricken。借喻“打击”。此外,该词还能作表语或定语用。如:

He is well-stricken in years.他已到了垂暮之年。

sunken和sunk(原形sink)

1. They tried to find the ____ ship but failed.

2. The ship was ____ with all on board.

句1用sunken。作形容词,在句中作定语。

句2用sunk。也可作形容词,但只作表语。

 

 

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